Perspectives for using the estimated breeding value in Russian broiler chicken to improve economically important traits

In the review are discussing perspectives and possibilities for the switchover from the traditional assessment of the meat-oriented poultry in Russia (class rating) to the determination of genetic value using BLUP methods and genomic selection. Taking into account the minimum of the environmental effects the equation of the mixed-type model to estimate the prediction of the poultry production traits were generalized. The selection effectiveness compared with the phenotype estimation by BLUP method is higher for reproduction features than for the body weight. Under the literature sources review, the directions of genomic analysis for increasing the accuracy estimates of broilers’ economically important traits as well as molecular genetic methods in poultry breeding are shown. The accuracy increasing on average for genomic evaluations depending on the parent lines of the chicken (paternal and maternal breeds) can be range from 8 to 23%. For economic traits with the low heritability, genomic prediction reveals a great difference in the accuracy of the estimates. For the successful elaboration into the poultry breeding practice genetic evaluations were determined a number of management steps on the breeding farm: the creation of a database for individual records in breeding nests (families); collection of basic and additional measurements, reflecting economically important traits; obtaining a sufficient number of offspring for an objective evaluation of cocks and chickens; ensuring the selection intensity in the breeding groups. The use of genomic selection methods will make it possible to intensify the process of early pre-selection of individuals by an increase in its rigidity. For this, it is necessary to get high homogeneity in the pure lines to obtain three- and four-way crosses with the genetic potential realization of ancestral forms (parents, grandparents) in them. Some of the steps for using genomic analysis tools in broiler breeding is proposed, which can also be tested on egg-laying chickens.

«чистая» линия, BLUP, estimated breeding value, meat-type production, broiler chickens, pure line, cross, BLUP, accuracy, genomic selection

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