Breeding of the russian white chicken breed for the goals of biological industry

Abstract

This article highlights the problem of creation of the specialized chicken breeds- producers of embryos with unique properties for production of the domestic viral embryonic vaccines for animal and human medicine. This natter is particularly actual nowadays to solve the problem of import replacement. There are presented materials, concerning the efficiency of breeding of the Russian White breed, kept in the “Genetic collection of rare and vanishing chicken breeds” of the Russian Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding in order to increase output of raw liquids for production vaccines (extraembrionic liquids- i.e. allantoic and amniotic liquids). There was found, that besides quality the parameters of hatching eggs and circumstances of incubation, the outcome of vaccine raw materials depends on genetic factors too. The coefficient of heritability of the allantoic-amniotic liquid output volumes (ml/g of egg mass) in mother hens was 0,25, while in father cocks- 0,19. There was concluded, that the breeding program for improvement of the output of extraembryonic liquids must include evaluation and selection for this trait both cocks and hens. The hens should be evaluated not only by their own embryos and cocks not only by embryos of their mothers, but also by occurrence in sisters both of hens and cocks the birds with high (not less than 0,200 mlg egg mass and not less than 10 ml per embryo at the age of 12,5 days of incubation) yield of the allantoic-amniotic liquid. These measures enable to increase within three selection generations the occurrence of hens with desirable output of extraembryonic liquids in their progeny embryos up to 44,8%. As a result this will sufficiently increase the volumes of valuable raw extraembryonic liquids for vaccine production from a chicken flock.