Beta-lactoglobulin gene (β-LG) polymorphism among Bulls of the Ayrshire breed of the domestic gene pool

The use of advances in biological and zootechnical sciences has led to a significant increase in animal productivity. It is possible to use DNA markers to detect and track the mechanisms of inheritance of polymorphic characters that contribute to genetic diversity. The aim of our study was to analyze the value of Parent Average (pedigree) index PA of the Ayrshire breeding bulls and the breeding value of the milk production of their daughters (BV) in connection with the different genotypes of the bulls for the β-LG gene. Of the six pedigree enterprises of the Russian Federation, 135 samples of Ayrshire cattle were obtained from the domestic gene pool. Using PCR-RFLP, animals were genotyped for the β-LG gene. The results showed that the most common genotypes are BB (0.578) and AB (0.348). The AA genotype is defined as rare and its frequency of occurrence was 0.074. The allele frequency was as follows: allele A, 0.248; allele B, 0.752. The index of expected heterozygosity (N) was 0.372, the indicator χ2 = 0.305 and does not exceed the critical value, which indicates that no genetic equilibrium shift is observed in this sample of animals. There were not found statistically significant differences for PA and indicators of intrastate assessment of bulls. According to the data of the correlation analysis, among the daughters of bulls - carriers of the BB genotype, more significant indicators of the negative correlation were determined by the bond yield - fat% (r = -0.297, with p˂0.05) and positive - fat% - protein% (r = 0.426, with p˂0.001). A positive correlation of milk yield with protein% was shown for all analyzed groups of animals, which indicates the priority of protein content in dairy breeding programs of northern European countries, the genetic resources of which are used to improve the domestic population of this breed.

bulls, Ayrshire breed, β-LG gene, polymorphism, milk production

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