Population structure of microbial communities in the Russian Arctic reindeer's rumen in the winter period according to high-throughtput sequencing data
https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2019-2-90-97
Abstract
The reindeer's rumen microbiota plays an important role in the digestion of feed with enzymes produced by rumen microsymbiotes. In this regard, the study of reindeer adaptations, the possibility of effective use plant feed resources of the Arctic are of wide interest. This study presents for the first time the results of the assessment of the population structure of the microbial communities of the Rangifer tarandus rumen in the winter period according to high-throughput sequencing data. A special feature of the reindeer ration in the winter-spring period is the high proportion of lichens in the diet (up to 70%) as compared with the summer-autumn (no more than 10-15%). Samples of the rumen content were collected in the winter-spring period in 2018 in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District from calves (6-8 months, n = 3), young (1-2 years, n = 3) and adults (3-6 years, n = 6) reindeer of the Nenets breed. The composition of the bacterial community of the reindeer rumen was analyzed in the laboratory of the company BIOTROF + by the method of NGS sequencing (next-generation sequencing). The results showed that representatives of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes occupied a dominant position in microbial communities like in other ruminants. The total content of this bacteria in animals of different age groups was not significantly different. The composition of the microbiota in calves was presented with a higher content of cellulolytic microorganisms of the genera Ruminococcus, Buturivibrio, Coprococcus compared with young and adults (p <0.05). The share of acid-utilizing bacteria of the genera Succiniclasticum and Selenomonas in calves was lower compared with young and adult individuals (p <0.05). The taxonomic analysis for the composition of microbial communities is confirmed by the results of biodiversity assessment using environmental indices. According to the results of assessment of α and β-diversity of the microbial communities of the rumen, the greatest uniqueness was found for the microbiomes of adults in comparison with calves and young. In general, the obtained results confirm the opinion of researchers that the microbial community can reflect the physiological state of animals.
About the Authors
L. Ilina
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD (Biol. Sci.), Head of the Molecular-genetic laboratory
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
K. Layshev
FGBNU Northwest Center for Interdisciplinary Research of food supply problems
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Habil. (Vet. Sci.), professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences
196608, St. Petersburg — Pushkin, highway Podbelskogo, 7
E. Yildirim
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD (Biol. Sci.), biotechnologist
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
V. Filippova
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
biotechnologist
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
T. Dunyashev
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
biotechnologist
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
A. Dubrovin
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
biotechnologist
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
D. Sobolev
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
specialist
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
N. Novikova
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
director
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
G. Laptev
«BIOTROF+» Ltd
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Habil. (Biol. Sci.), director
192284, St. Petersburg, Zagrebskij b., 19 (1)
A. Yuzhakov
FGBNU Northwest Center for Interdisciplinary Research of food supply problems
Russian Federation
Chief Researcher, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences 196608, St. Petersburg — Pushkin, highway Podbelskogo, 7
Russian Federation
Chief Researcher, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences 196608, St. Petersburg — Pushkin, highway Podbelskogo, 7
T. Romanenko
Federal Research Center for Complex Study of the Arctic, Russian Academy of Sciences. N.P. Laverova RAS, Naryan-Mar Agricultural Station
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD (Biol. Sci.), Director
166004, Nenets Autonomous District, Naryan-Mar, ul. Rybnikov, 1A
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Review
For citations:
Ilina L., Layshev K., Yildirim E., Filippova V., Dunyashev T., Dubrovin A., Sobolev D., Novikova N., Laptev G., Yuzhakov A., Romanenko T. Population structure of microbial communities in the Russian Arctic reindeer's rumen in the winter period according to high-throughtput sequencing data. Genetics and breeding of animals. 2019;(2):90-96. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2019-2-90-97
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