An example of using the chicken gene pool in breeding program

Abstract

Conducted the interbreeding of gene pool breeds of chickens from bioresource collection "Genetic collection of rare and endangered breeds of chickens," All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals. On the basis of a two-breed hybrid bird used as a maternal form, two groups of three-breed hybrids were obtained. Productive characteristics of three breed hybrids and parental forms were investigated. Studied the combinative ability of the breeds used. Studies have shown that, in egg production, three-breed hybrids are superior to two-breed mothers and Czech golden breed, which is the paternal form. Due to the low live weight of the paternal form, the obtained three-breed hybrids have a live weight lower than the hens of the double-breed maternal form. At the same time, there are no significant differences in the mass of eggs between the two-breed and three-breed forms. As a result of reducing the live weight of the bird, the feed consumption is reduced while the weight of eggs is maintaining and egg productivity is increasing, which leads to lower production costs. Besides the bird with low body weight, have a compact size, which allows use of available space more efficiently. On the majority of the qualitative characteristics of eggs three-pedigree hybrids have intermediate values between the paternal and maternal forms. Three-breed hybrid chickens are inferior to double-breed mothers in terms of the content of yolk in the egg and the caloric content of the egg mass, but have no significant differences with the paternal form - the Czech golden breed. The results of the study concluded that the use of the gene pool breeds of chickens is perspectively in selective programs to produce high-yield hybrid birds. Further research is needed on the combining abilities of the gene pool breeds of chickens.