The role of the cytoskeleton in the deformation of erythrocytes in stressful situations

Abstract

The article presents the results of the action of cytochalazine B on the change in the topography of the membranes of red blood cells and the rearrangement of cytoskeleton elements using scanning electron microscopy. In the course of the studies, the degree of violation of the structure of membrane proteins, changes in the shape of cells and cytoskeleton elements, which are observed during castration of boars, were studied. The dynamics of changes in the architectonics of erythrocyte membranes is one of the characteristics of the etiopathogenesis of a number of disorders in the normal functioning of the individual. These changes were evaluated on blood samples using scanning electron microscopy. Red blood cells were pre-fixed under conditions excluding deformation of the cell surface. Dehydration in alcohol solutions of increasing concentration was carried out, dried by the transition of the critical point of CO2 in the HCP-Hitachi installation. During the study, changes in the surface relief of cell membranes characteristic of this cytostatic were observed. Under the action of the drug cytochalasin B, the formation of rare long strands with high optical density was observed when stained according to Heidenhain. The significant heterogeneity in the color intensity was noted, areas of dense hematoxylin staining were identified as well. The localization zones of actin are shown in the near-membrane regions after 30-45 minutes of cytochalazine action. The use of the drug Cytochalazine B in an isosmotic environment leads to an internal rearrangement of erythrocyte membrane proteins, and also determines a change in the shape of cells. This effect can be considered an analogue of the stress factor. Under simulated conditions, the mechanisms of membrane-destructive action on erythrocyte cytokarkas proteins are triggered, leading to a change in the surface of the membrane and, as a result, a violation of some parameters of the microvasculature. It can be assumed that this model of stress exposure can be used to assess the effect of stress factors on the phospholipid matrix of the blood erythrocyte membrane.