Symbiofauna of the Yakut breed of horses depending on breeding conditions

Abstract

Purpose: Study of the fauna of endobiontic infusoria according to the types of the Yakut breed of herd horses.

Materials and methods. There were studied infusorian fauna of the intestines of the Yansky type horses of the Yakut breed from the Abyisky region (Arctic zone) and horses of the indigenous type from the Amginsky region and the suburbs of Yakutsk (the central zone). The material was collected during the mass slaughter of horses in November-December 2022, directly from the large intestine. The time interval after the slaughter of the horse before sampling was no more than 20-25 minutes. Samples were fixed with 10% formalin solution. The identification of species was carried out according to the guides of Strelkov A. A., 1939 [1] and Kornilova O. A. [2, 3]. Comparison of the species composition of endobiont infusoria of the cattle fauna of the studied breeds was carried out according to the Jacquard-Malyshev similarity coefficient (Kj-m) and the Czekanowski-Sjørensen fauna commonality index (Ics).

Results. There has been determined species composition of endobiont infusoria of the Yansky and indigenous type of the Yakut herd horse breed, bred in areas that differ in geographical location in the Arctic and central zones of Yakutia. A total of 15 species of infusoria have been identified. The percentage of occurrence by species ranged from 2,63 % to 13,2 %. The most frequently encountered species were Cycloposthium edentatum, Holophryoides macrotricha, Bundleia elongata, while Cycloposthium dentiferum, Spirodinium confusum, Cycloposthium ponomarevi and Allantosoma intestinale were rare.