The genetic relationship parameters between the exterior defects and the linear type of Russian Black-and-White cows improved by Holstein breed

Timely detection and exclusion from the breeding process of animals with serious exterior defects can prevent the accumulation of unwanted genes in the herds and their distribution in the breed. Today, selection work to improve the constitution of cattle should be aimed at further improving the dairy type of cows, the quality of their limbs and udder shape. The object of our research was first-calves Holstein’s cows of Russian Black Pied breed of the Moscow region. Researches were carried out to assess the body type first-calving cows with a population of 36496 animals based on data from the Regional Information Breeding Centre of Moscow region «Mospleminform». The most common exterior defects of cows in the population under study are: the peaked rump (10,25%), the high-set tail (19,12%), the winging-out the front legs (8,11%), the soft pasterns (30,64%) and the oblique bottom of the udder (14,34%). A significant positive correlation was found between the dairy type and the animal's growth (r = 0,662), and the condition and strength of the body type (r = 0,634) (p ≤ 0,001). Herewith, correlation relationships between the exterior defects are also established with a high degree of certainty (p ≤ 0,001), so the «high-set tail» positively correlates with the «peaked rump» (r = 0,592) and the «weak waist» (r = 0,608), «pterygoid scapula» with a «humpback back» (r = 0,466), «weak waist» with a «soft back» (r = 0,400). When referring to the actual criterion of significance for the correlation coefficient, we obtain a reliable confirmation of the hypothesis about the existence of relationships between signs and defects. The obtained results of the features and defects of cow can be used for the purposes of selection, correcting the selection of bulls and qualitative improvement of the livestock of Russian Black Pied breed. This formulation of the problem requires the creation of an integrated multifunctional system that includes both the optimization of selection methods and the creation of paratypic conditions that favor the maximum manifestation of the genetic potential of animals.

REMLF90, exterior, exterior defects, linear type, Russian Black-and-White cows improved by Holstein breed, REMLF90, heritability, genetic correlations

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