Productive qualities of Holstein cows of different breeding in the Smolensk region

Abstract

According to the results of work for 2018 ZAO "Zolotaya Niva" in the Smolensk region occupies a leading position in dairy productivity of cows. A herd of pedigree reproducer was formed in the period from 2010 to 2015 years of animals, imported from Germany, Denmark and USA. The highest productivity of cows in the herd reaches the level of 14-16 thousand kg. of milk per lactation, with a fat content of 4,32-4,42 % and protein - 3,42-3,52 %. The largest number of animals is begun to yield more milk to the level of 8-12 thsd. kg. Daughters born in the United States, Denmark and Russia were worse for signs of dairy productivity than their mothers, unlike daughters from Germany. Average values of productivity from 1 to 7 lactation have a tendency to increase. Affiliation to line of breeding, except cows from Russia, does not have a significant impact on their highest productivity. The best productive qualities have daughters born in Russia and imported from the United States, received from the bulls of American breeding. Cull cows in the herd mainly occur at 2-3 of lactation for reasons of disease of the legs, udder, genital organs and animal defects. The average life expectancy of cows on the farm is 2,8 lactation.