Features of metabolic processes in the body of cows with the use of additional nutrition in the diets

Abstract

To ensure a biologically complete nutrition corresponding to a tense metabolism in highly productive animals, an additional supply of energy-plastic materials is required to optimize the functioning of the body's systems. An additional nutritional complex has been developed, which includes the enzyme-probiotic preparation Cellobacterin + amylo-proteo-cellulolytic action, the mineral shungite, which is a powerful antioxidant and adsorbent of xenobiotics , and the preparation of lipotropic-hepatoprotective action in the form of choline that is “protected” from rumen microflora and flaxseed cake. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the federal state unitary enterprise "Klenovo-Chegodaevo" on two groups of black and white holsteinized cows (n = 8, control and experimental) at the end of the dry period and at the beginning of lactation. To study metabolic processes in the body of cows (n = 7), blood samples were taken from the jugular vein in animals one month after calving and 2 months after calving and blood biochemical parameters were determined. Changes in the composition of the diet had a positive effect on the course of nitrogen metabolism, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of total protein in the blood of experimental animals by 2.5% (P <0.05), albumin by 5.3% (P <0.05) and 9.3% (P <0.01), albumin-globulin ratio, a decrease in urea concentration by 19.2% (P <0.001). An increase in the intensity in the cows of the experimental group of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism is indicated by an increase in the concentration of glucose by 23.2-24.9% (P <0.01) and phospholipids by 0.72-1.21 mM / L (P < 0.05 and P <0.01), HDL by 13.3-15% (P <0.05), a decrease in the ratio of triglycerides / phospholipids and the concentration of NEFA by 19.1-21.6% (P <0.05 ).