The down color of day old chicks of russian white hens population as a selection trait

As a result of long-term selection of Russian White hens in the RRIFAGB population for thermal resistance to low temperatures during chicks raising, as well as increased resistance to Marek's disease, carcinomas and diseases of the leukemia-sarcoma complex, genotypes with snow-white color of the down of day-old chicks appeared. Currently, a line of "snow-white" hens, homozygous for the recessive allele of snow-white down gene, has been segregated. Research objective was to study the traits of Russian white hens with yellow down at day-old age comparing to "snow-white" hens in embryonic and early neonatal periods for thermoresistivity in low temperatures of raising, and also at the output level and the biological activity of the allantoin-amniotic fluid of their embryos. The influence of a single cooling during the sensitive period of embryogenesis (+20^oC for 6 hours on 5.5 days of incubation) on the output of extraembryonic fluid of 12.5-day-old embryos was studied; the thermoregulatory capabilities of 7-day-old chicks under the influence of a stress factor (cooling at +10^oC for 30 minutes for 7 days) and raising at a low temperature (+22^oC) were studied. The level of allantois-amniotic fluid yield and biological activity of Newcastle disease viruses, infectious bronchitis and chicken reovirus infection in it in embryos of Russian White hens with different color of down was evaluated. In response to the dosed effect of low temperatures during the sensitive period of embryogenesis, 12.5-day-old embryos of hens with snow-white down color increased the volume of extraembryonic fluid. However, the incubation rates in the line of "snow-white" hens were worse than in hens with yellow color of down. "Snow white" chicks also responded more to hypothermic stress in the first week of raising and had less volume and biological activity of the extraembryonic fluid of their embryos. It is concluded that to use hens that are homozygous for the gene of snow-white down as producers of raw materials for the Bio-Industry is not advisable.

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