Content of domestic reindeer feed on pasture left Yenisei River

Abstract

Presented materials, proving the possibility of the content of domestic reindeer grazing on feed key plot area of 343 832 hectares in the area between the rivers Bolshaya Kheta and Yenisei (left bank of the river Yenisei). Results: typology, geo-referencing and a brief description of the vegetation cover of reindeer pastures, especially the distribution, the percentage of the landscape, oleneemkost, productivity and seasonal opportunities. Depending on the dominance of the vegetation of various life forms (trees, bushes, shrubs, herbs, lichens) marked 5 types of reindeer pastures: tundra (34% of the land area), wetlands (17%), shrubs (15%), woodlands (9.3%) and meadows (2.7%). The dominant type of tundra reindeer pastures, it is characterized by 11 species of grassland, marsh type includes 3 types, shrub - 10 species: 5 of them willowy, Rivals 2, 3 alder. Type of woodland pastures are 9 species of larch woodlands and 1 species of dwarf birch light forest, meadow type pastures - 3 types of pastures. Tundra community study area occupy upland habitat, wetland complexes - floodplain terraces, larch woodlands and sparse forests of Larix sibirica occupy the tops of ridges, hills and coastal slopes and floodplains. Willows occur along rivers, streams, around lakes, Mezhozernaya bridges, as well as in mezhholmnyh or inter-ridge depressions. Alder confined to the open upper and middle parts of the slopes of hills and ridges. Communities meadow type confined to the alluvial floodplain, river banks. In summer, the maximum oleneemkostyu have willow (about 7-12-days / ha), minimum - all kinds of larch woodlands (about 2-4-days / ha), dwarf birch (about 2-3-days / ha) and alder (1 a-days / ha). In winter, due to the high feed rates of lichen, almost all communities (except moss larch woodlands and willow) are highly oleneemkost. The highest oleneemkostyu different bog communities (about 22-27-days / ha) and the dwarf tundra (21-26 o-days / ha), the rest within - about 6-18-days / ha. Share summer pastures - 30.7%. The share of pasture winter seasons - 31.3%, of which 9.3% is larch woodland. It is advisable to make full use of this key site during the spring-summer-autumn minimizing exposure in the summer in order to preserve lichen cover by trampling, especially during the dry period.