Improving the nutritional quality and environmental safety of cow's milk and its processed product – rennet cheese

Objective: To determine the effect of the Russian-produced antioxidant MismaOx PF, added to complete feeds based on locally sourced ingredients (using the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania as an example), containing a subtoxic dose of nitrates, on the nutritional properties and environmental safety of cow's milk and its derivative.

Materials and Methods: Swiss cows served as subjects for the study. After the second lactation, 20 cows were divided into two groups of 10 animals, using the same principle as the other groups. Sodium nitrate was added to the feed of dairy cattle in both groups (at a rate of 0,03 g/kg live weight) to ensure a subtoxic dose of nitrates. To detoxify the analyzed toxins, MismaOx PF (RF) was added to the feed of animals in the experimental group at a rate of 200 g/t of feed. Milking tests were performed in the cows in the comparison groups every ten days. Average samples of milk and Ossetian rennet cheese were collected to study their nutritional value (chemical composition) and environmental safety.

Results. By introducing the tested antioxidant into the diet, lactating cows in the experimental group outperformed their control counterparts in dry matter content by 0,54 % (P<0,05), milk fat by 0,18 % (P<0,05), and protein by 0,23 % (P<0,05), including casein by 0,23 % (P<0,05). When feeding the antioxidant, lactating animals in the experimental group showed an increase in the proportion of α-casein in milk by 4,45 % (P<0,05) while simultaneously decreasing the proportion of the γ-fraction by 4,60 % (P<0,05). Under the influence of the denitrifying properties of the antioxidant, it was possible to achieve a decrease in the level of nitrates in milk by 2,50 times (P<0,05) and nitrites by 2,50 times (P<0,05); in cheese samples, nitrates by 2,65 times (P<0,05) and nitrites by 2,28 times (P<0,05).

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