Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of PRL and β-LG candidate genes with utility characteristics in black-and-white breed cows

The paper presents the results of genotyping of cows of black-and-white Holsteinized breed in the genes of prolactin (PRL) and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and a comparative analysis of polymorphic variants of these genes with economically useful signs of cows is carried out. Comprehensive integrated assessment of the animal allows more accurate identify the contribution of the gene to the manifestation of a particular quantitative trait (milk production, growth, development, reproductive health indicators).Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the genotype of AA (0.826) was the most frequently found on the PRL gene. The frequency of alleles A and B was 0.906 and 0.094, respectively. Cows with heterozygous genotype AB significantly exceed cows with a homozygous genotype AA for milk for the first 100 days (p≤0.05) and 305 days of first lactation (p≤0.003), milk fat yield (p≤0.001), and milk protein yield ( 0.004), live weight when the age of the first insemination is reached (p≤0,03). There is no reliable association of different genotypes of the prolactin gene with the growth and development of cows from birth to 18 months, as well as with reproductive indicators (age of first insemination and service period).For the β-LG gene, the largest number of animals possessed the heterozygous genotype AB (incidence rate 0.601). The frequency of alleles A and B was 0.475 and 0.525, respectively. Cows with the AA genotype have significantly low milk yields for 100 days (AA to BB p≤0.01) and for 350 days of the first lactation (AA to AB p≤0.001), fat yield (AA to AB p≤0.006, AA to BB p≤0.002), the yield of milk protein (AA to AB p≤0.001, AA to BB p≤0.001), while exceeding the percentage of fat (AA to AB, AA to BB p≤0.008) and have a shorter period service period (AA to BB p≤0.01).The effect of the beta-lactoglobulin gene on the growth and development of animals has not been established.

PRL gene, β-LG gene, polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, milk production, growth, animal development, reproductive health

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